Karl Ruth
Karl „Charly“ Ruth (* 27. September 1907 in Steinheim am Main , † nach 1973)<ref>{{#if:Werner Meyer
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}}1975
}} }} |{{#if: |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz, | }} |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz | }} }}
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}}</ref>) war ein deutscher Widerstandskämpfer in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Emigration, Haft und Wirken in Bayreuth
Der Kommunist Ruth emigrierte 1933 nach Holland, wo er als Ingenieur bei den Fokkerwerken in Amsterdam arbeitete. Er unternahm mehrere Geschäftsreisen nach Moskau und wurde später technischer Berater der militärischen und zivilen Luftfahrt Belgiens. Im Spanischen Bürgerkrieg unterstützte er als Pilot von Transportflugzeugen die republikanische Seite.
Am 28. Mai 1940 wurde er von der deutschen Staatspolizei im belgischen Brügge verhaftet. Bis April 1945 saß er im Gefängnis, zunächst in Berlin, ab Mitte Februar 1945 in der Haftanstalt St. Georgen in Bayreuth. Im Wirrwarr nach den Bombenangriffen auf die Stadt gelang es ihm, aus dem Zuchthaus zu entkommen und sich zu den amerikanischen Truppen durchzuschlagen. Die Stadt Bayreuth verdankt Karl Ruth, dass sie am 14. April 1945 von den Amerikanern nicht weiter zerstört, sondern weitgehend kampflos eingenommen wurde. Lediglich die Orangerie und der Sonnentempel im Park Eremitage fielen noch einem Jagdbomberangriff zum Opfer.
Die Bayreuther Köpenickiade
Gegenüber den US-Militärs hatte sich „Charly“ Ruth als unschuldig inhaftierter belgischer Offizier ausgegeben. Im Handumdrehen gewann er Einfluss auf das Schicksal der Stadt. Der Bayreuther Kommunalpolitiker Bernd Mayer bezeichnete ihn als den „schillernden Friedensengel aus Sankt Georgen“
Als erste „Amtshandlung“ befreite er am Vormittag des 14. April 1945 2.000 Gefangene, darunter den späteren Bundestagspräsidenten Eugen Gerstenmaier und Ewald Naujoks, aus dem Bayreuther Zuchthaus. Die dort inhaftierten politischen Gefangenen sollten angesichts der nahenden amerikanischen Truppen an diesem Tag erschossen werden.
Gegen Mittag fuhr er in Begleitung des NS-Oberbürgermeisters und SS-Standartenführers Friedrich Kempfler (später CSU) in das Dorf Cottenbach, wo der Kommandeur der US-Truppen die beiden erwartete. Den Deutschen wurde klargemacht, es sei „genügend Artillerie aufgefahren, um die Stadt in Grund und Boden zu schießen“.
Kempfler hatte jedoch keine Kommandogewalt über die Truppe. Die Verhandlungen mit dem Ziel einer kampflosen Übergabe wurden von General Hagl im Ortsteil Sankt Johannis torpediert. Zwar hatte am Siegesturm, bald nach 9 Uhr, der Leutnant Erich Braun mit etwa 150 Mann kapituliert, doch General Hagl auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Stadt wollte nicht aufgeben. Dennoch gelang es Ruth und Kempfler, die Amerikaner von einem neuerlichen Luftbombardement abzubringen. Da den Amerikanern das Quartier des uneinsichtigen Befehlshabers nun bekannt war, beschränkten sie sich auf einen konzentrierten Jagdbomberangriff, verstärkt durch Artillerie. So wurden in der Eremitage die Orangerie und der Sonnentempel in letzter Minute zerstört.
Undank ist der Welt Lohn
Ein paar Wochen lang war „Charly“ Ruth, der von den Bayreuthern Captain genannt wurde, für die US-Truppen ein nützlicher Mann. Sie nahmen ihn auch in umliegende Städte mit, als Parlamentär sogar bis nach Eger. Dann, wenige Wochen nach Kriegsende, wurde er wieder verhaftet. Die Amerikaner holten den falschen Offizier mit aufgepflanzten Bajonetten in seiner Wohnung ab und steckten ihn wieder in sein altes Quartier: die nahegelegene Strafanstalt Bayreuth Sankt Georgen. Er hatte die Autorität, zu der ihm die geliehene US-Uniform verholfen hatte, mehrfach „missbraucht“ und zum Beispiel dem örtlichen Krankenhaus zu einem Notstromaggregat verholfen.
Später kehrte er nach Belgien zurück. Aus Karl Charly wurde Charles Ruth, der bei der Rückführung belgischer Gefangener half. Friedrich Kempfler hingegen wurde später Kreisvorsitzender der CSU im Landkreis Eggenfelden und gehörte von 1957 bis 1976 dem Deutschen Bundestag als Abgeordneter des Wahlkreises Pfarrkirchen an.
Literatur
- {{#if:Bernd Mayer
|{{#if: |{{#if: |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. In: {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bernd Mayer, {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. }} |{{#if: |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. }} |{{#if: |Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bayreuth - Die letzten 50 Jahre. }} }}
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}} |{{#if:Ellwanger | Ellwanger, {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1983 | }}
}}1983
| {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1983 | }}
}}1983
}} }} |{{#if:Bayreuth |{{#if:Ellwanger | Ellwanger, Bayreuth | Bayreuth }} |{{#if:Ellwanger | Ellwanger | }} }}
}}{{#if:
| (Originaltitel: {{#if:|Vorlage:Lang|{{{Originaltitel}}}}}{{#if: | , übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}} | }}) | {{#if: | (übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}}) | }}
}}{{#if:
|{{#if:Ellwanger Bayreuth 1983 |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| {{#if: |Vorlage:Falsche ISBN |ISBN {{{ISBN}}} }} |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| Vorlage:ISSN |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| S. {{{Seiten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| Sp. {{{Spalten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| (Vorlage:DOI) |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}}; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}} ; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}} ; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}}) }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Kommentar}}}) | }} }}
}}{{#if:EllwangerBayreuth1983
|. |
}}
- {{#if:Bernd Mayer
|{{#if: |{{#if: |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth wie es war. In: {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bernd Mayer, {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth wie es war. }} |{{#if: |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth wie es war. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bernd Mayer: Bayreuth wie es war. }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth wie es war. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Bayreuth wie es war. }} |{{#if: |Bayreuth wie es war. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Bayreuth wie es war. }} }}
}}{{#if:
| {{{Auflage}}} Auflage. |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: | {{{Band}}}, Nr. {{{Nummer}}} | {{{Band}}} }} |{{#if: | Nr. {{{Nummer}}} | }}
}}{{#if:Gondrom Bayreuth 1981
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:1981
|{{#if:Bayreuth |{{#if:Gondrom | Gondrom, Bayreuth {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1981 | }}
}}1981
| Bayreuth {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1981 | }}
}}1981
}} |{{#if:Gondrom | Gondrom, {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1981 | }}
}}1981
| {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1981 | }}
}}1981
}} }} |{{#if:Bayreuth |{{#if:Gondrom | Gondrom, Bayreuth | Bayreuth }} |{{#if:Gondrom | Gondrom | }} }}
}}{{#if:
| (Originaltitel: {{#if:|Vorlage:Lang|{{{Originaltitel}}}}}{{#if: | , übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}} | }}) | {{#if: | (übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}}) | }}
}}{{#if:
|{{#if:Gondrom Bayreuth 1981 |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| {{#if: |Vorlage:Falsche ISBN |ISBN {{{ISBN}}} }} |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| Vorlage:ISSN |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| S. {{{Seiten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| Sp. {{{Spalten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| (Vorlage:DOI) |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}}; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}} ; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}} ; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}}) }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Kommentar}}}) | }} }}
}}{{#if:GondromBayreuth1981
|. |
}}
- {{#if:Werner Meyer
|{{#if: |{{#if: |Werner Meyer: Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. In: {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Werner Meyer, {{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. }} |{{#if: |Werner Meyer: Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Werner Meyer: Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |{{{Herausgeber}}} (Hrsg.): Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. }} |{{#if: |Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. In: {{{Sammelwerk}}}. |Götterdämmerung - April 1945 in Bayreuth. }} }}
}}{{#if:
| {{{Auflage}}} Auflage. |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: | {{{Band}}}, Nr. {{{Nummer}}} | {{{Band}}} }} |{{#if: | Nr. {{{Nummer}}} | }}
}}{{#if:R. S. Schulz 1975
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:1975
|{{#if: |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz, {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1975 | }}
}}1975
| {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1975 | }}
}}1975
}} |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz, {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1975 | }}
}}1975
| {{#if:
| {{#if:
| {{#switch: |1 |01 |1. |01. |1st =1. |2 |02 |2. |02. |2nd =2. |3 |03 |3. |03. |3rd =3. |4 |04 |4. |04. |4th =4. |5 |05 |5. |05. |5th =5. |6 |06 |6. |06. |6th =6. |7 |07 |7. |07. |7th =7. |8 |08 |8. |08. |8th =8. |9 |09 |9. |09. |9th =9. |10 |10. |10th =10. |11 |11. |11th =11. |12 |12. |12th =12. |13 |13. |13th =13. |14 |14. |14th =14. |15 |15. |15th =15. |16 |16. |16th =16. |17 |17. |17th =17. |18 |18. |18th =18. |19 |19. |19th =19. |20 |20. |20th =20. |21 |21. |21st =21. |22 |22. |22nd =22. |23 |23. |23rd =23. |24 |24. |24th =24. |25 |25. |25th =25. |26 |26. |26th =26. |27 |27. |27th =27. |28 |28. |28th =28. |29 |29. |29th =29. |30 |30. |30th =30. |31 |31. |31st =31. |#default = }} }}{{#switch: |Januar |January |Jan |Jan. |Jänner |Jän |Jän. |01|1|01.|1. |I |I. ={{#if:|Jan.|Januar}} |Februar |February |Feb |Feb. |02|2|02.|2. |II |II. ={{#if:|Feb.|Februar}} |März |March |Mär|Mar|Mär. |Mar. |03|3|03.|3. |III |III. ={{#if:|Mär.|März}} |April |Apr |Apr. |04|4|04.|4. |IV |IV. ={{#if:|Apr.|April}} |Mai |May |05|5|05.|5. |V |V. =Mai |Juni |June |Jun |Jun. |06|6|06.|6. |VI |VI. =Juni |Juli |July |Jul |Jul. |07|7|07.|7. |VII |VII. =Juli |August |Aug |Aug. |08|8|08.|8. |VIII|VIII. ={{#if:|Aug.|August}} |September |Sep |Sep. |09|9|09.|9. |IX |IX. ={{#if:|Sep.|September}} |Oktober |October |Okt|Oct|Okt. |Oct. |10 |10. |X |X. ={{#if:|Okt.|Oktober}} |November |Nov |Nov. | |11 |11. |XI |XI. ={{#if:|Nov.|November}} |Dezember |December |Dez|Dec|Dez. |Dec. |12 |12. |XII |XII. ={{#if:|Dez.|Dezember}} |#default = }}{{#if: 1975 | }}
}}1975
}} }} |{{#if: |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz, | }} |{{#if:R. S. Schulz | R. S. Schulz | }} }}
}}{{#if:
| (Originaltitel: {{#if:|Vorlage:Lang|{{{Originaltitel}}}}}{{#if: | , übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}} | }}) | {{#if: | (übersetzt von {{{Übersetzer}}}) | }}
}}{{#if:
|{{#if:R. S. Schulz 1975 |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| {{#if: |Vorlage:Falsche ISBN |ISBN {{{ISBN}}} }} |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| Vorlage:ISSN |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |, | }} |
}}{{#if:
| S. {{{Seiten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| Sp. {{{Spalten}}} |
}}{{#if:
| (Vorlage:DOI) |
}}{{#if:
|{{#if: |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}}; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}} ; Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Online}}} ; {{{Kommentar}}}) | ({{{Online}}}) }} }} |{{#if: |{{#if: | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}; {{{Kommentar}}}) | (Stand: {{{Zugriff}}}) }} |{{#if: | ({{{Kommentar}}}) | }} }}
}}{{#if:R. S. Schulz1975
|. |
}}
Einzelnachweise
<references />